Behind the scenes: How we harvest our grapes
Harvesting our grapes here at Three Choirs Vineyard takes place in autumn. But thinking about the harvest starts around the middle of summer, after the vines flower at the end of June or the start of July.
Thomas Shaw, managing director of Three Choirs Vineyard, said: “The flowering gives an indication of the potential size of the crop. We want good weather when the vines are flowering, so the flowers set quickly. If the weather is damp during flowering, you can get different size of grapes – we can get grapes with three weeks difference in age.
“We have to work our way through the processes. There are so many variables and a lot that can go wrong. What we don’t need is for it to get warm, mild and wet in spring, then suddenly get a late frost.
“We monitor the fruit set and development of the grapes and check they are free from disease constantly during this time.”
The first grapes will be picked around the end of the first week or middle of the second week of September. Exactly when the harvest starts will depend on how much sunlight the vines have had over the summer and how warm the ambient temperature has been. In total, the harvest will take between six and eight weeks.
Thomas continued: “There are all sorts of things that affect the exact timing of the harvest. The bigger the crop, the harder it is for the vines to ripen the fruit, so it will take longer and be a later harvest.”
We grow 12 varieties of grapes here, which all behave in different ways. There is a lot to monitor to help us decide which grapes should be picked first and which should remain on the vines a bit longer.
Vineyards have microclimates, which means one variety might do very well in one area and might behave differently in another location only a few hundred metres away.
We pick all of our grapes by hand here at Three Choirs Vineyard. On an average day, we will have about 15 people picking. We take on extra seasonal staff, using a local agency which supplies farm workers.
Grapes are placed into plastic bins, which can hold about 300kg of fruit each. These are then loaded onto a trailer and taken to the winery for pressing.
The grapes are pressed on the same day they are picked. The pressers are all automatic and can be pre-programmed. It takes about three people to fill a press and get it ready, then once it is working, it is entirely automatic.
Pressers can hold up to four tonnes of fruit. From each tonne of grapes, we would expect to get the equivalent in juice of about 800 bottles.
Thomas added: “All these measurements are approximate. Some years the grapes might weigh heavy and not have as much juice and some years it will be the other way round.”
The exact length of time the harvest lasts depends on the weather. If it is a nice dry autumn, the fruit will hang for longer and the sugar levels will increase. We are always looking for a balance between the sugar and the acidity. Sugar turns to alcohol, while the acidity helps to keep the flavour of the wine fresh and clean.
The harvest is a balancing act, with lots of variables to consider. But we are all experienced and have been doing this for so long that it isn’t stressful. At the end of it all, we will produce thousands of delicious bottles of wine to enjoy. Then we will be ready to start it all over again next year!

More from our blog...




